How Have Cell Phones Changed Our Society Research Paper

- 1 - Alexia Corbett 3-12-2009 CELLULAR PHONES INFLUENCE(s) AND IMPACT(s) ON SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS This paper seeks to explore how cellular phones (cell phones/mobiles) have influenced and impacted social interactions and interpersonal relationships. There have been a number of suggested theories and studies that have been contributed to the rising popularity and commonality of cell phones as to how they are affecting the way individuals are interacting in society. Some of these include, a change in the concept of time and space (Fortunati, 2002), lack of face-to-face interaction (Thompson and Cupples, 2008), the maintenance of relationships, social absences, and social dependency (Reid†¦show more content†¦The Change of Space and Time/Proximal Relationships Since the 18 th century, the idea of using the telephone has always been a fixed mentality in regards to accessibility. The phone was located at a fixed location, usually in a home or office, and you would have to be in that location where the phone was in order to be able to receive an d answer incoming phone calls. This bore the concept of â€Å"sitting and waiting by the phone† for someone to call, since at one time it was the only option. With the development of technologies, there have been ways to alter this mentality; there was the creation of the answering machine, which allowed for you to access messages from missed phone calls when you returned home, which did not always allow for a prompt relay of a message nor reply, and more recently the creation and distribution of the cellular phone. Cellular phones have taken this concept and spun it around on itself. With the development of cellular phones, individuals are able to remain in close and instantaneous contact with members of their social network regardless of where they are in the world. In addition to keeping up with social relationships, individuals have also been able to increase productivity with their work because they can be hundreds of miles away from the office, and still have instant a ccess to theirShow MoreRelatedHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially1503 Words   |  7 PagesHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially Having a cell phone is very convenient and helpful most of the time. They are great for emergencies, but not everyone knows of the potential negative impacts these phones have on our lives. In the past several years there have been numerous studies looking into the problems, which cell phone cause. This paper will show how the cell phone has had a dynamic impact on social interactions in today’s society. First it will show the point of having a cellular phoneRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Today s Society862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Rapid Change in Technology According to Mail Online, the average person looks at their phone approximately 110 times a day. 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Most of them have used both a mobile and a landline andRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Our Society1620 Words   |  7 Pagesabilities. In the society nowadays, technologies are the center of connecting with people all over the world and impact our society in a big way. If we look back thirty years ago, not everyone had all of new technologies and knew an idea of getting information at anytime and anywhere from a World Wide Web. Because of these technologies, people have opportunities to improving their knowledge of world via Internet technology and to communicate with people from all corners of world. Smart phone are the fastRead MoreTeens as Victims of Cyberbullying1482 Words   |   6 Pages â€Å"Around half of teens have been the victims of cyber bullies,† Richard Webster from the â€Å"Cyber bullying is when a person or a group is trying to embarrass and harm or intimidate those who are weaker than them†. â€Å"Cyber bullying to texting: What’s on your kids ‘Cell?† What is cyber bullying? The Stop bullying Organization explains what the meaning of cyber bullying is. Cyber bullies are able to use cells phones and the internet to make it very easy bully other people. Lawmakers and Schools shouldRead MoreDriving A Vehicle While Texting1745 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction We currently live in a society where technology has become a necessity, more specifically, cell phones have become essential and people go crazy when they are without this particular device. 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Consequently, practically everyone knows how to use a computer, connectRead MoreCell phones How have they changed us socially?1632 Words   |  7 PagesDoes cell phone use really affect our communication skills? Cartoon by Izzy Peterson by Erin Stewart, Editor November 25, 2013 Filed under Fall 2013, Story Cycle 4, Features, Opinion, Showcase The short URL of the present article is: http://lhslance.org/bKUbA We live in a world where communication through modern technology is almost required. Everywhere people are texting, emailing, writing blogs and tweeting. It’s hard to go anywhere without seeing someone using a phone or the InternetRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Society Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever wondered what would the world resemble in the event that we didn t have any cell phones? Why is it that we get out of our comfort zone when we do not have access to our phones? Nowadays, cell phones have such a noteworthy effect on our day to day lives, and we owe it to the advancement of technology. In this research paper, we will take a closer look at this phenomenon by examining the evolution of cell phone devices, and it’s effects on society. Cell phones, as we know them haven’tRead MoreTelephone Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesCan you imagine how different life would be if the telephone was never invented? One of the most powerful, and controversial, inventions has been that of the telephone. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, had no idea that what he invented would eventually change the world. The advancement of telephones has impacted the growth in the telecommunication field and has helped people around the world stay connected. Before this technology was invented, it was very difficult for

The Printing Press Free Essays

The Renaissance spread to Germany, France, England, and Spain in the late fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries. In its migration northward, Renaissance culture adapted itself to conditions unknown in Italy, such as the growth of the monarchical state and the strength of lay piety. In England France, and Spain, Renaissance culture tended to be court-centered and hence anti-republican. We will write a custom essay sample on The Printing Press or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Germany, no monarchical state existed but a vital tradition of lay piety was present was present in the Low Countries. The Brethren of the Common Life, for example, was a lay movement emphasizing education and practical piety. Intensely Christian and at the same time anticlerical (shades of what was to come! ), the people in such movements found in Renaissance culture the tools for sharpening their wits against the clergy — not to undermine faith, but restore its ancient apostolic purity. Northern humanists were profoundly devoted to ancient learning but nothing in northern humanism compares to the paganizing trend associated with the Italian Renaissance. The northern humanists were chiefly interested in the problem of the ancient church and the question of what constituted original Christianity. Two factors operated to accelerate the spread of Renaissance culture after 1450: growing economic prosperity and the printing press. Prosperity — the result of peace and the decline of famine and the plague — led to the founding of schools and colleges. In these schools the sons of gentlemen and nobles would receive a humanistic education imported from Italy. The purpose of such an education was to prepare men for a career in the church or civil service. Sometime in the 13th century, paper money and playing cards from China reached the West. They were â€Å"block-printed,† that is, characters or pictures were carved into a wooden block, inked, and then transferred to paper. Since each word, phrase or picture was on a separate block, this method of reproduction was expensive and time-consuming. The extension of literacy among laypeople and the greater reliance of governments and businesses upon written records created a demand for a less-costly method of reproducing the written word. The import of paper from the East as well as â€Å"block-books† (see above), were major steps in transforming the printing of books. However, woodcuts were not sufficiently durable as they tended to split in the press after repeated use. Furthermore, a new block had to be carved for each new impression, and the block was discarded as unusable as soon as a slightly different impression was needed. By the middle of the 15th century several print masters were on the verge of perfecting the techniques of printing with movable metal type. The first man to demonstrate the practicability of movable type was Johannes Gutenberg (c. 1398-1468), the son of a noble family of Mainz, Germany. A former stonecutter and goldsmith, Gutenberg devised an alloy of lead, tin and antinomy that would melt at low temperature, cast well in the die, and be durable in the press. It was then possible to use and reuse the separate pieces of type, as long as the metal in which they were cast did not wear down, simply by arranging them in the desired order. The mirror image of each letter (rather than entire words or phrases), was carved in relief on a small block. Individual letters, easily movable, were put together to form words; words separated by blank spaces formed lines of type; and lines of type were brought together to make up a page. Since letters could be arranged into any format, an infinite variety of texts could be printed by reusing and resetting the type. By 1452, with the aid of borrowed money, Gutenberg began his famous Bible project. Two hundred copies of the two-volume Gutenberg Bible were printed, a small number of which were printed on vellum. The expensive and beautiful Bibles were completed and sold at the 1455 Frankfurt Book Fair, and cost the equivalent of three years’ pay for the average clerk. Roughly fifty of all Gutenberg Bibles survive today. In spite of Gutenberg’s efforts to keep his technique a secret, the printing press spread rapidly. Before 1500 some 2500 European cities had acquired presses. German masters held an early leadership, but the Italians soon challenged their preeminence. The Venetian printer Aldus Manutius published works, notably editions of the classics. The immediate effect of the printing press was to multiply the output and cut the costs of books. It thus made information available to a much larger segment of the population who were, of course, eager for information of any variety. Libraries could now store greater quantities of information at much lower cost. Printing also facilitated the dissemination and preservation of knowledge in standardized form — this was most important in the advance of science, technology and scholarship. The printing press certainly initiated an â€Å"information revolution† on par with the Internet today. Printing could and did spread new ideas quickly and with greater impact. Printing stimulated the literacy of lay people and eventually came to have a deep and lasting impact on their private lives. Although most of the earliest books dealt with religious subjects, students, businessmen, and upper and middle class people bought books on all subjects. Printers responded with moralizing, medical, practical and travel manuals. Printing provided a superior basis for scholarship and prevented the further corruption of texts through hand copying. By giving all scholars the same text to work from, it made progress in critical scholarship and science faster and more reliable. How to cite The Printing Press, Papers The Printing Press Free Essays The Printing Press There have been many important inventions over the past millennium. Many of them have helped shape society into what it is today. None however have contributed as much to the world as the printing press has. We will write a custom essay sample on The Printing Press or any similar topic only for you Order Now The printing press was invented in the year 1440 by Johann Gutenberg of Mainz, Germany. The printing press consisted of a large press which held plates where movable type could be inserted to spell out entire books page by page. The press was either operated by a large screw or lever which pressed the inked letters onto the sheet of paper. Once done the letters had to be rearranged to make the next page and then repeated for each new page in the book. This process however slow was much faster than the old method of hand writing the books and great deal cheaper as well. The invention of the printing press was the most important invention of the last millennium because it spread ideas throughout Europe, forever altered modern society and it gave the common people power and the chance to become literate. The printing press was the most important invention of the last millennium because it allowed many important ideas and opinions to be more easily widespread to the general public. The printing press helped the spread of ideas through the production of books. The ability to mass produce books and pamphlets helped many political leaders spread their views to the public more easily. These views of the political leaders, good or bad were now accessible to the general public. The ability to read leader’s views and form public opinions helped shape the world into what it is today. Printed books also explored ideas on science and technology which helped bring forth scientific knowledge that shaped the scientific revolution. The press gave freedom to the general public in a new form of expression of thought. People now had a new way of recording their thoughts and sharing it with others. This freedom of expressive print was very liberating for ones message could reach many in a short time. The printing press invention was important to people in many fields for it allowed the political powers to continue to expand, it provides the opportunity to share scientific knowledge and it allowed the public freedom to share in print format. Modern society was affected in many crucial ways because of the printing press. One of the ways that society is affected by this invention from so many years ago is that it brought about the standardization of spelling and grammar. This was and still is important because it brought about the awareness that in order to properly communicate there would need to be a standardized form of spelling and spelling rules. This set standard form of spelling shaped many languages and made the written communication of them easy in the past and still today. The second way that its affects are noted still today is it helped spread religious views to various corners of the world in print format. The importance of this is that this source of books such as the bible or other religious books allowed religious views to be read about and shared in the home rather than just being a message listened to at church. It provided common written messages and because of this many religions such as Christianity could be spread easier throughout the world. These religious writings formed a common base for religion to be prevalent today. Another way in which society was affected by the printing press is that it helped the world’s technology advance faster. People could afford to buy factual books and educate themselves through reading. The more educated that people became, the more they searched for ways to make life better with their knowledge they had acquired from reading books. Today’s society still largely relies on written print as a way to gain knowledge. Modern society and its advancement in written language structure religious followings and technologies advancement are rooted in the history of the printing press and would look much different today if the printing press had not been invented. The invention of the printing press allowed many ordinary citizens the chance to own a book and learn to read. Before the invention of the printing press the cost and time to make a book limited the owning of a book to the very wealthy. However with the invention of the printing press as well as the newly found knowledge of how to make paper from the Arabs printing books became rather inexpensive and much less time consuming. These important advancements made it so average people could now afford to buy books, people began to learn how to read and therefore more opinions and ideas were spread. Literacy rates improved and with this knowledge it allowed the common peasants power to understand what was happening in their country. This power of being literate was important because it provided them opportunity to plan to make life better for oneself. Today books still have an importance for having books and being literate is important because if one can read and understand things in their world it gives one choices of how they can interact with others. The printing press was the most important invention of the last millennium. Its effects were important in 1440 to spread political, scientific and technological ideas. Its effects are still important today in spelling and grammar, religion and in nonfiction education. It gave people power to be owners of printed material and it promoted a desire to learn to educate oneself to read. The printing press was crucial in the advancement of society. Power in written form is a document to learn from and expand from. The printing press allowed societies historical events and ideas to be documented and allowed man to learn from the past to progress the future. How to cite The Printing Press, Essay examples

Case Study Material free essay sample

Herman Miller Company is looking to adopt the cradle-to cradle (C2C) design protocol. This design is to create a closed-loop product life cycles. Herman Miller Company should not use PVC in the construction of the Mirra chair. An alternative material thermoplastic urethane (TPU) has been identified as an alternative. TPU is a viable alternative that goes along with the â€Å"green† publicity the company was getting for the Mirra chair. The first step that needs to take place is to talk to their supplier about modifying existing tooling to work with TPU. As well as the lead time it would take to modify existing tooling. To create new tooling could take approximately 6-8 weeks for new tooling to be engineered as well as creating the new tooling. As discussed from the case the retool could cost over $100K (Lee 2009). The introduction of TPU was discussed in August of 2002 and the launch of the Mirra chair is scheduled for June 2003. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Material or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This provides the company with 9 months to use TPU instead of PVC on the chair arms. To retrofit tooling for a new raw material can cause more problems than just to create new tooling. The first thing that needs to happen is to talk to the supplier and to determine a lead time for new tooling and a lead time for modifying existing tooling. Tooling can be modified; however, it is a matter of time and money. There are concerns about using TPU in the Mirra chair, that customers will start wanting TPU in every chair. This chair has received a lot of publicity

Winston And Julia Essays - Julia, Proles, , Term Papers

Winston And Julia Winston and Julia: an unlikely pair Ever since the fist time Winston laid eyes on Julia he really didn't like her all that much. What would bring two very contrary persons together? Julia is a vibrant young woman that is a member of an anti-sex league. To Winston, Julia looks like a stuck up girl with important things to do. On the other hand, Winston is a rather old man that isn't exactly the greatest looking guy in the world. Sometime into the novel Winston suspects that Julia may be following him. Winston figures that she is a spy, while she was following him he even considered killing her by taking a cobblestone and clubbing her head with it. A little later in the novel, Winston sees Julia trip and fall in the hallway, when he helps her up she slips him a piece of paper that read ?I love you.? Winston tried to find some time to meet up with Julia. Time eventually passed and Winston began to wonder if Julia had changed her mind about what she wrote. During lunch one day Winston saw Julia sitting by herself in the mi ddle of the cafeteria. He sat down and they began to talk secretly underneath their breath. Julia came up with an elaborate plan to meet up secretly later on. Later, Julia and Winston meet up in the Proles district. While they were together Winston found out that Julia was a lot like himself even though they appear to be completely opposite. Julia and Winston discovered that they both indulge in pleasures of the flesh and ?normal? human pleasures, that is what brought them together.

Free Essays on Enslaved To The Educational System

Enslaved to the Educational System As Canada races towards the 21st century, the value of teachers has decreased steadily and the demand for teachers has fluctuated dramatically, from a slight shortage to a serious shortage. In regards to this dilemma, Ontario’s Education Minister and governmental officials sought forceful solutions in which teachers would voluntary surrender their moderate schedule for a â€Å"workload increase by one-third† and â€Å"compulsory unpaid overtime† (Robertson 2). â€Å"For one term in two, teachers have no preparation time at all† and few options were available, consequently many teachers excluded extra-curricular activities from their agenda (Robertson 2). This ultimately shifted issues towards a different arena, thereby producing insufficient coaches and trainers. Accordingly, the minister and government demanded â€Å"volunteerism to be compulsory† or employment would cease (Robertson 1). By undervaluing and enslaving teachers to these demands, Ontario is inevitably creating an unstable society in which education is not viewed as important. When will society recognize the connections between social order, economic incentive, and effective educators that shape the nations youth? Teachers hold great power and control in shaping an orderly, intelligent society; however, â€Å"the Ontario Ministry of education has defined every problem in the education system as a function of too much teacher influence and too little provincial authority† (Robertson 1). However, by making education and teachers less of a national priority, Ontario leaders transfer a distorted message that teachers are neither valuable nor important. Teacher’s mere purpose is to improve education and advance the interests of educators, but with governmental interference, teachers have more barricades to tear down to efficiently perform their job. Nevertheless, teaching traditionally has been one of the lowest-paying jobs avail... Free Essays on Enslaved To The Educational System Free Essays on Enslaved To The Educational System Enslaved to the Educational System As Canada races towards the 21st century, the value of teachers has decreased steadily and the demand for teachers has fluctuated dramatically, from a slight shortage to a serious shortage. In regards to this dilemma, Ontario’s Education Minister and governmental officials sought forceful solutions in which teachers would voluntary surrender their moderate schedule for a â€Å"workload increase by one-third† and â€Å"compulsory unpaid overtime† (Robertson 2). â€Å"For one term in two, teachers have no preparation time at all† and few options were available, consequently many teachers excluded extra-curricular activities from their agenda (Robertson 2). This ultimately shifted issues towards a different arena, thereby producing insufficient coaches and trainers. Accordingly, the minister and government demanded â€Å"volunteerism to be compulsory† or employment would cease (Robertson 1). By undervaluing and enslaving teachers to these demands, Ontario is inevitably creating an unstable society in which education is not viewed as important. When will society recognize the connections between social order, economic incentive, and effective educators that shape the nations youth? Teachers hold great power and control in shaping an orderly, intelligent society; however, â€Å"the Ontario Ministry of education has defined every problem in the education system as a function of too much teacher influence and too little provincial authority† (Robertson 1). However, by making education and teachers less of a national priority, Ontario leaders transfer a distorted message that teachers are neither valuable nor important. Teacher’s mere purpose is to improve education and advance the interests of educators, but with governmental interference, teachers have more barricades to tear down to efficiently perform their job. Nevertheless, teaching traditionally has been one of the lowest-paying jobs avail...

John Alden Jr. and the Salem Witch Trials

John Alden Jr. and the Salem Witch Trials John Alden Jr. (1626 or 1627 - March 25, 1702) was a soldier and sailor accused of witchcraft on a visit to the town of Salem and imprisoned in the 1692  Salem witch trials; he escaped from jail and was later exonerated. John Alden Jr.s Parents and Wife Father: John Alden Sr., a crew member on the Mayflower when it sailed to Plymouth Colony; he decided to stay in the new world. He lived until about 1680. Mother: Priscilla Mullins Alden, whose family and brother Joseph died during the first winter in Plymouth; her only other relatives, including a brother and sister, had remained in England. She lived until after 1650, and possibly until the 1670s. John Alden and Priscilla Mullins were married in 1621, probably the second or third couple among the colonists to marry in Plymouth. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in 1858 wrote The Courtship of Miles Standish, based on a family tradition about the couple’s relationship. Recent evidence suggests that the story may be based on fact. Priscilla and John Alden had ten children who lived past infancy. One of the two eldest was John Jr.; he and the other two eldest children were born in Plymouth. The others were born after the family moved to Duxbury, Massachusetts. John Alden Jr. married Elizabeth Phillips Everill in 1660. They had fourteen children together. John Alden Jr. Before the Salem Witch Trials John Alden had been a sea captain and a Boston merchant before he became involved in the events in Salem in 1692. In Boston, he was a charter member of the Old South Meeting House. During King William’s War (1689 – 1697), John Alden held a military command, while he also maintained his business dealings in Boston. John Alden Jr. and the Salem Witch Trials In February 1692, at about the time that the first girls were displaying their symptoms of affliction in Salem, John Alden Jr. was in Quebec, ransoming British prisoners held there after their capture in the raid on York, Maine, in January. In that attack, a group of Abenaki, led by Madockawando and a French priest, attacked the town of York. (York is now in Maine and was at the time part of the Province of Massachusetts.) The raid killed about 100 English settlers and another 80 were taken hostage, forced to march to New France. Alden was in Quebec to pay the ransom for the freedom of the British soldiers captured in that raid. Alden stopped in Salem on his return to Boston. There had already been rumors that he was, through his business, supplying the French and Abenaki side of the war. There had also apparently been rumors of Alden having affairs with Indian women, and even having children by them. On May 19, a rumor came to Boston through some escapees from the Indians that a French leader had been looking for Captain Alden, saying Alden owed him some goods that he had promised to him. This may have been the trigger for the accusations that followed just days later. (Mercy Lewis, one of the accusers, had lost her parents in Indian raids.) On May 28, a formal accusation of witchcraft- â€Å"cruelly torturing and afflicting several of their Children and others†- against John Alden was filed. On May 31, he was brought from Boston and examined in court by Judges Gedney, Corwin and Hathorne. The court decided to put Alden, and a woman named Sarah Rice, into Boston jail, and instructed the keeper of the prison in Boston to hold him. He was delivered there, but after fifteen weeks, he made an escape from the jail and went to New York to stay with protectors. In December 1692, a court demanded that he appear in Boston to answer charges. In April 1693, John Hathorne and Jonathan Curwin were notified that Alden had been returned to Boston to answer at the Boston Superior Court. But no one appeared against him, and he was cleared by proclamation. Alden published his own account of his involvement in the trials (see excerpts above). John Alden died on March 25, 1702, in Massachusetts Bay province. John Alden Jr. in  Salem, 2014 series John Alden’s appearance during the Salem witch trials has been highly fictionalized in a 2014 series about the events in Salem.  He plays a man much younger than the historical John Alden was, and he is romantically linked in the fictional account to Mary Sibley, though this has no basis in the historical record, with intimations that this was his â€Å"first love.† (The historical John Alden had been married for 32 years and had fourteen children.)

Media Consumption in the Home Environment and Media Consumption in Essay

Media Consumption in the Home Environment and Media Consumption in other Contexts - Essay Example This is because home is seen as a place where individuals, more or less, strip off their social niceties and take up the appearance of what they really are and want to be. Home is seen as a relaxing environment as compared to the office or school. This â€Å"relaxing† environment in itself comes with certain advantages and disadvantages when it comes to media consumption. Home is the primary location for most of the media consumption in today’s technologically advanced world. As mentioned earlier, the two forms of media that have the most use are television and the internet. Out of these, according to a recent study, television is still the dominant media of consumption. (Crum, 2009) However, there has been a marked increase in the use of internet over the past few years. Media plays an extremely important role in our day-to-day life. It becomes a part of our routine without us even realizing it. It would not be wrong to say that we are tangled in a web of mass media, with no return. From television to internet to cell phones and radio, our life cannot seem to function without the use of media. The patterns of media consumption illustrate certain interesting aspects. Media viewing is seen as being determined by factors such as gender, leisure time and family orientation among others. Morley has talked about the ‘overall context of family leisure activity’ and how it affects media consumption. With regard to gender and patterns of media consumption, the most interesting case study was put forward by Bausinger. Whatever work that has been carried out in the field of gender politics with relation to media consumption is evidence of the societal norms and conditioning that human beings go through. The expectations of the society with a gender are taken at face value and followed for the rest of our lives, mostly. This is why even with regard to media consumption there is a distinct difference between gender attitudes towards media in a home environment.

The loving and helping of Mother Theresa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The loving and helping of Mother Theresa - Essay Example When teaching school in Calcutta she was devastated at the poverty and the way of life for the citizens. Although she had already become a nun and dedicated her life to God, the missionary and others, she felt she could and help more. In fact she felt the need to help so badly because " the suffering and poverty she glimpsed outside the convent walls made such a deep impression on her that in 1948 she received permission from her superiors to leave the convent school and devote herself to working among the poorest of the poor in the slums of Calcutta. " (Fortune City) The acts of Mother Theresa epitomize the quote being referred to for this essay. The quote when applied to Mother Theresa and her selfless helping applies the likeness can be illustrated time and time again, She was awarded the NOBLE Peace Prize in 1979. However, this was not the end of her selfless devotion. Another illustration of her g is that after being awarded the prestigious Noble prize she spent nearly the next two decades helping and loving the poverty stricken of Calcutta. Once Mother Teresa was asked how she could continue day after day after day, visiting the terminally ill: feeding them, wiping their brows, giving them comfort as they lay dying.

The literature concerning Essay Example for Free

The literature concerning Essay The literature concerning welfare rights movement at least in the 1960s can be characterized by the growing cry to bring radical positive changes in the welfare system of the United States. For these scholars, the current welfare system of the United States is producing a new form of inequality despite the resources that it is providing to the poor. The current system of welfare which is limited and somehow rigid had failed to erase the problem on poverty. In this sense, these scholars are providing a new light in solving the problem on welfare and its effectiveness. Numerous scholars like Richard Cloward and Frances Fox Piven had argued for the radical extension and expansion of the current welfare system of the United States. For them, the existing system of welfare which is rigid and limited had failed to really help and provide assistance for the poor. The system of welfare that existed is somehow impotent in nature in relation to its capacity to erase poverty. What they are recommending is a radical change in the system that will allow more people that eligible for welfare to be subsisted on it. They also argue for an increase in amount of welfare that will not just feed the people subsisting it but will also allow them to move forward in the hierarchy that will enable them to prosper at least domestically. This can also be related to the situation of minimum wage. Minimum wage are kept at bay not on the basis of economic sustenance or company stability. Rather, wages are kept low for the workers and employees not to really prosper to come up to a point that can rise and leave their jobs. The era of individual pursuit of interest had proved to be inadequate in easing poverty among Americans. Though there are real and concrete examples of people escaping poverty on the basis of their individual merits and actions, the other people who failed to move up in the hierarchy should also be taken to consideration. The system should not just support the exceptional people who can manage to rise. Rather than providing individual reforms, what must be embrace are collective terms of actions that will provide a fertile ground for groups of people to grow and prosper. This is comparable with labor unions that push reforms, benefits and wage hikes not on the basis of individual levels but on the basis and scope of the group. For these scholars, this is the way to go if we are really aiming for the problem of poverty to be solved. References Blumer pp. 303-306 Cloward, R. Piven, F. (1966) The Weight of the Poor: A Strategy to End Poverty. Common Dreams. Web. Accessed. 10 August 2010. Retrieved from [http://www. commondreams. org/headline/2010/03/24-4] OConner, pp. 158-169 Spitzer pp. 112-115

Personhood Essays -- essays research papers

Personhood What is a person? That sounds like a harmless question, but the answer can get very complicated. Is a person just a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials? Is a person something immaterial like a mind or a soul? Or is a person a combination of these two things? Really there is no right answer, and it all depends on the point of view that you hold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, what is a body? Some say that a body is, like I said before, a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials. Some say it is more than that. These people agree that the body is made up of skin, muscles, bones, etc., but they think the whole essence of personhood is in the body. They don’t believe in souls or minds, and they think that biological processes are the only processes that take place in a body. And when these processes cease to take place, death occurs, and since, to these people, a person is a body, life ends, and that is it. There is no after life, because there is nothing other than the body, and the body is gone. It is very true that biological things happen in your body, but are there other things that happen too?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  That takes me to my next question: what is a soul? This question is a little harder to explain. To most people a soul is an essence, an invisible, immaterial entity. Most people associate a soul with the spiritual world. They say that a person is who they are because of their soul, not because of their body... Personhood Essays -- essays research papers Personhood What is a person? That sounds like a harmless question, but the answer can get very complicated. Is a person just a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials? Is a person something immaterial like a mind or a soul? Or is a person a combination of these two things? Really there is no right answer, and it all depends on the point of view that you hold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, what is a body? Some say that a body is, like I said before, a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials. Some say it is more than that. These people agree that the body is made up of skin, muscles, bones, etc., but they think the whole essence of personhood is in the body. They don’t believe in souls or minds, and they think that biological processes are the only processes that take place in a body. And when these processes cease to take place, death occurs, and since, to these people, a person is a body, life ends, and that is it. There is no after life, because there is nothing other than the body, and the body is gone. It is very true that biological things happen in your body, but are there other things that happen too?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  That takes me to my next question: what is a soul? This question is a little harder to explain. To most people a soul is an essence, an invisible, immaterial entity. Most people associate a soul with the spiritual world. They say that a person is who they are because of their soul, not because of their body...

Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality

The Influence of the Internet in Family Communication about Sexuality Christo Jose Central New Mexico Community College ABSTRACT The mass media are an increasingly accessible way for people to learn about and see sexual behavior. Out of all the mass media today, adolescents use the television and the internet more than any other media resource. The use of internet has risen exponentially in the last few years and within a year, it is estimated that 90% of all families with children will have access to the internet. The word sex is the most popular search term used on the Internet today. The Internet may have both positive and negative effects on sexual health. Internet bombards the minds of the teens these days with images of sex almost every single day. Aside from the daily dose of sexuality and eroticism provided by the mainstream media, 50% of all adolescents have said that they have encountered unwanted pornographic material on the internet. Many studies have been conducted to determine the extent of communication between adolescents and parents about sexuality. It has often been shown that students are more likely to turn to friends and the media before discussing this topic with their parents. The availability of a large and wide scale of information on the internet and the freedom from the embarrassment of confrontation has compelled many adolescents in this path. Because of this, fewer families discuss sex and abstinence in their families. One study has found that the patterns of sexuality communication in a family are also dependent on the gender of the parents as well as the child. Preadolescents who have communicated with their parents about sexuality have been shown to go to their parents for more advice when they are older. The internet does play a very important role in children communicating with their parents about sexuality. The internet provides a wide array of information that can lead or mislead children based on where they look for information. Some studies show that the use of internet in families have reduced the family communication and has led to less and less time spent with the family. This leads to a strain in communication between the children and the parents and this lack of communication makes it uneasy on the children to go to their parents when in need of information about their sexuality. The mainstream mass media (movies, music, T. V. , magazines and the internet) provide frequent and sometimes explicit images of sexuality. Available studies show that the media do have an impact because the media keep sexual behavior on public and personal agendas, media portrayals reinforce a relatively consistent set of sexual and relationship norms, and the media rarely depict sexually responsible models. In the Unites States, children spent about a third of their time a day exposed to some form of mass media. Patterns of media use vary greatly based on age, gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic level. Thus, one can never be sure that a message sent out through any form of media is interpreted as the same by the various people exposed to them. The internet being a bottomless pit of information can never be fully trusted. Though the internet provides more explicit material on sex than any other media, most of these are along the lines of pornography and do more harm than good. The internet, being a product of normal people, isn’t always accurate and can provide information that are biased and may not always prove to be useful. The personal opinions and tips expressed in many websites aren’t usually based on any scientific or medical facts and can thus mislead children looking for information. In a study conducted in 1993, adolescents (aged 15-17) put their friends first, then parents and then the media for sources to acquire information about sexuality. Today, the media has risen in rank and leads as the main source of information for adolescents. Among the various forms of media, internet maintains the top spot. The anonymity provided by the internet is one of the main reasons for the children of these days turning to it for information. The risk of embarrassment and confrontation is negated behind the blinds of the computer screen. The extreme nature of some of the sexual content available causes students to misinterpret many things they see online and mislead them into thinking about the prevalence of some activities in real life. The media as a whole provides a picture that is far detached from the problems of real life and it has been shown that many teenagers strive to achieve that level of unnaturalness in their lives. Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers This was a study conducted to examine the extent of communication and the patterns of communication in various families between preadolescents and their parents. Each member of the triad completed a 10-item measure of communication about risk factors for sexual activity, sexual communication, and sexual risk prevention. A majority of parents and their preadolescents reported communication had occurred about most topics. Mothers and fathers were equally likely to communicate with sons whereas mothers were more likely to communicate with daughters than were fathers. Based on the study results, preadolescence may be the optimal time for parents to provide sexual risk prevention messages to their children before sexual behaviors are initiated. Parents and other family members play critical roles in shaping adolescent sexual behavior through their parenting practices, sexuality communications, and modeling of risk reduction strategies. Greater parental monitoring and less parental permissiveness are consistently related to later sexual initiation, less frequent sexual intercourse, less risky sexual behavior, fewer sexual partners, less pregnancy, and increased condom use among teens. The study found that overall, most preadolescents and their parents report that they have talked about risk factors, sexuality education and sexual risk prevention topics. The parents and the children were more prone to discuss topics like drug abuse and alcohol with their children than other sexual topics. Discussion about condoms and abstinence were least reported. Looking at the study gender-wise, we see that boys have discussed their sexuality with both the parents to the same level and have reported doing so. In the case of daughters, the patterns show that they tend to go to their mothers more for information about sexuality. Dad-daughter pairs rarely reported discussing sexuality, menstruation and puberty. Preadolescents are the time of their lives when they internalize the messages they get from their parents. Children who have been educated at this time tend to not be affected peer relationships and the media as much as those who have not been. Children whose families communicate with each other abstain from risky behaviors and have more tendencies to be less influenced by the outside media. Thus parents need to be encouraged to communicate with their children about sexuality rather than letting them search for information outside the family circle. It is better to communicate with children at the age when they are more receptive to family communication. Family Relations and the Internet: Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach Introduction of internet into the family environment can influence and change the way of life in a family. The increase in the use of internet in families has prompted many researchers to see how it can influence everyday life. Connection to the internet opens a window of information to families about parenting, child’s education and family health. Many studies have also stated that the frequent use of the internet by family members have cut into the time spent as a family. This results in a lack of communication among the family members which can cause the children to go after various other media to fulfill their curiosities and the need for information. Most parents view the internet as a positive force in the life of their children and buy them computers and connect them to the internet to help them better at school, to do more research and to learn new things. Teens don’t always use the internet to match their parent’s expectations and in these conditions the positive force can turn into a source of conflict in the families. Conflict, if not handled well, can lead to a lack of communication or miscommunication among the family members. This can lead to a lot of assumptions and misconceptions that can surface from a child’s limited view of the internet. Another argument against the use of internet is the large hole it cuts into the child’s available time. Internet use is time consuming and it has been found that internet use in high frequency is directly responsible for the negative effects on family communication and closeness. All this studies are based on the conception that the communication between the family members is a closed system and that the internet cuts a hole in this closed fence. Communication in a family isn’t always related to the use of internet in every family. Many other factors play into this scenario. The schedules of the whole family are important and should be considered when something like this is examined. Dysfunctional families do not need the internet as a hindrance for the lack of communication among its members. Before the advent of the internet, there did exist many families who did not communicate properly within. Even with these arguments in favor of the internet, its effect on the family can not be withheld. It has been shown that frequent internet visitors go there for social purposes and their personality characteristics are influenced by this and differ from normal. Adolescents who use the internet for social and entertainment purposes seem to have more conflict with their family than those who used it for educational purposes. On the whole, it can be seen that increase in the time spent on the internet has had a negative impact on the family time and a positive impact on the family conflicts. Thus, the internet is directly linked to the decrease in family cohesion due to lack of communication and time spent together. CONCLUSION The three articles come to a conclusion about the nature of the influence the internet provides on family communication. Internet is a very useful resource and source of information and we can never deny its importance in everyday life. But, when we consider its influence on the young minds, we need to think about the advantages and the disadvantages. Depending on the point of view of a person, the internet can be good or bad. From the articles we can see that the families who spend a lot of time on the internet do seem to have more communication dysfunction than those who spend less time. This can be due to two different reasons. Adolescents these days depend on many different sources of information available to them to teach them about their sexuality and sometimes these resources can point them in the wrong direction. Children who don’t have a good communication rapport with their parents at a young age usually don’t develop a good communication bridge with their parents when they get older and the peer relationships are stronger. Some of the messages put across by the internet are factually wrong or morally incorrect and many children accept this as the truth due to lack of communication with parents. This leads to development of wrong set of ideas and can lead to various risky behaviors in the sexual context. The excessive amount of explicit sexual content available on the internet can confuse the minds of teens and younger children alike and can lead to a state of mind in which many of the things depicted may seem natural for them. This again leads to risky sexual behavior. Another way the internet seems to affect the family communication is by cutting into the time spent as a family. This goes hand in hand with the earlier mentioned fact as this leads to lack of communication between the parents and the children leading the children to go elsewhere in search of advice or information. The whole thing works as a circle in which the increased use of internet by children has a negative impact on family communication about sexuality. But it has been shown that parents who communicated with their children at a young age make an impact in their receptive minds and can thus strengthen the bond between the members of the family. This can lead to open communication in a family and thus the children can be educated properly and correctly about the various aspects of sexuality. From this, we can come to the conclusion that early development of a good bond with parents and the control of the use of internet (among many other factors) can help children grow up to be sexually responsible adults. Since I am already an adult, I will use this information I have gained in the future with my family. Making sure to have an open and trustful bond with my children would be my primary objective when bringing them up. I will try to communicate better with my family in that way and can teach my children things that I myself have gone to various places to find. During the time I grew up, my main source of information on this topic was the internet and my peers which have led me to learn through trial and error which was risky and dangerous. I realized from writing this article that one of the causes of this was the internet and I will make sure that my children won’t have to repeat my mistakes. Also, on a broader view, communication is very important in getting any kind of point across to people and it is important to look for accurate information when trying to teach someone something. Depending on the internet is not always accurate and in the right point of view. Another thing that can be learned from this is that it is always important to take time to open communication channels and talk to people. Lack of communication can lead to lack of cohesion and more problems anywhere, be it work, family, friends, etc. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, J. (2002). Mass Media Influences on Sexuality. Journal of Sex Research, 39(1), 42-45. {text:bookmark-start} P {text:bookmark-end} Wyckoff, S. , Miller, K. , Forehand, R. , Bau, J. , Fasula, A. , Long, N. , et al. (2008). Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 17(5), 649-662. Mesch, G. (2006). Family Relations and the Internet: Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach. Journal of Family Communication, 6(2), 119-138.

Areas of Specialization in Psychology

Areas of Specialization Number |Subjects of study in psychology |Areas of specialization in |Definition and key points of this |Rationale (reason why you matched |Possible research method of | | | |psychology (match with below |specialization (be sure to use |this subject of study with this |study (experimental, | | | |options) |professional sources) |specialization in psychology) |correlational, observational, | | | | | | |case study, interview) and why | | | | | | |this one may fit the best | |1 |Studying the causes of aggression in |Social |Study of how people behave in |Social Psychology would help |I would say experimental, | | |reaction to others in their environment. | |social environments, study how |explain why someone would become |because it is a preferred way to| | | | |friendships develop, what causes |aggressive in their environment. |study behavior. | | | | |aggression and how prejudices are | | | | | | |formed. Argosy University, 2013) | | | |2 |Studying the pe riod when a newborn child |Developmental |Study of human development. |When a child recognizes their |Naturalistic method because | | |recognizes his or her parent. | |Study factors that shape human |parent would be considered a |really the only way to see when | | | | |behavior from birth to |developmental behavior. |a newborn recognizes their | | | | |death. (Argosy University, 2013) | |parent is to observe them. |3 |Sharing some research about the best |Industrial and organizational |Study of factors that affect |Work place stress would affect |Questionnaire because it can | | |strategies to manage work place stress. | |people in organizations. Identify |performance at the work place, |handle and works well for any | | | | |factors that affect performance. |which would fall under this |large group of people. | | | | |Development of employee skills. |category. | | | | |Job analysis. (Argosy University, | | | | | | |2013) | | | |4 |Determining which chemical or |Neuropsycholo gy |Attempt to study the human brain |Seeing what neurotransmitter |Experimental will help show | | |neurotransmitter might be activated when | |and its impact on human behavior. coffee would affect would have to |cause and effect between | | |people use coffee as a memory or | |Would try to figure out what |do with studying the brain and the|variables | | |performance â€Å"enhancer†. | |chemicals or neurotransmitters |effects of certain chemicals on | | | | | |were responsible for our emotions |chemicals or neurotransmitters | | | | | |or something like anxiety. (Argosy | | | | | |University, 2013) | | | |5 |Reviewing the thought process of someone |Cognitive |Study and work with how each |Seeing how someone has come to |Experimental because it can show| | |who has difficulties remembering things | |individual stores, transforms, |have difficulties long-term would |the cause and effect which may | | |long-term. | |uses and communicates information. |fall under the catego ry of |be beneficial. | | | | |Works with how we remember things |communicating or storing | | | | | |, and how we decide(Argosy |information. | | | | |University, 2013) | | | |6 |Methods to gain possible diagnoses in |Clinical |Work on diagnosis, understanding, |In order to understand and help |Case study because one could | | |efforts to understand emotional problems. | |and treatment of severe emotional |diagnose emotional problems one |gather a lot of information on a| | | | |problems, mental problems, and |would need to study emotional |case to case basis that would | | | | |behavioral problems but have no |problems. aid in understanding emotional | | | | |medical degree. Don’t rely on | |problems based on people’s | | | | |medicine. | |individual experiences | Use these as the possible specializations to use in the above chart: Clinical psychology or Clinical Psychologists Health psychology Biological psychology or Neuropsychologists Developmental psycholo gy Social and personality Cognitive psychology

Riddles of the Anasazi Essays

Riddles of the Anasazi Essays Riddles of the Anasazi Essay Riddles of the Anasazi Essay What is the truth of the Nazis people? Were they really cannibals? Did they only kill outcasts, or anyone of their pick? Why did they live in fortified homes? The following paragraphs, hopefully impart information on the above questions. The Nazis lived in fortified homes for environmental and social reasons/theories. One environmental reason was a long drought that lasted for 23 years. However, the Nazis suffered much worse with fifty years of drought before they went Into hiding. A social theory about why they moved Into fortified homes was nomadic raiders, men/ women that drove the Nazis out of their homes and Into hiding. A terrible social reasoning would be cannibalism, when times got tough In their villages, they would make examples of the town outcasts and become cannibals. Cannibalism, were the Nazis? Or, were they peaceful people afraid of things other than the people around them? The Elders of the Nazis Tribes today, tell a story of mass murder of each village going against each other. They executed the adult males, and captured and, tortured women and small children. Kook Man Corn also suggests the possibilities of cannibalism; in his book he has documents of 76 differing cases of primitive cannibalism in the southwest. Turner researched this information for thirty years. He has a six criteria system if they reach all six points; he believes that person was killed by a cannibal. The six points are, breaking of long bones to get marrow, cut marks on bones from knives, burning of bones, and a luster on the bones from cooking in a clay pot. Biochemists in Colorado tested the bones of several Nazis people and found Human coprolite of mycologist. Its existence there means the Nazis consumed human flesh. A case against cannibalism would be to lust say people who were pronounced as witches and other social outcasts were killed in the way Turner described. I believe there was cannibalism back in Nazis times. I also believe people do not want to shed truth on what happened, in fear of what will come in our nation and in our time. Archaeologists say the push, that lead to the Nazis fleeing was environmental catastrophes that lead to savagery, and hostilities. Some experts though say there was a pull, something leading them to the south and the east. Some believe it was the Chalk Cult. The Chalk Cult is a belief that gods to ensure rain and fertilely? Proof of the China cult appears to be found on different artifacts, their story Is related In paintings and drawings. These artifacts are found near the Roll Grandee. The Nazis people were complex Individuals that we still figure out what happened to them. They have left behind some evidence as cliff dwellers, The left behind works of art, bones with markings, pottery, homes that look Like they have been left 300 years ago Instead of ages, and Pueblo people follow In some of their name dances and rituals today. Besides the facts that lay before us, we can only hypothesize the real truth as to the Nazis lifestyle and life choices. Riddles of the Nazis By bigness Nazis lived in fortified homes for environmental and social reasons/theories. One Nazis suffered much worse with fifty years of drought before they went into hiding. A social theory about why they moved into fortified homes was nomadic raiders, men/ women that drove the Nazis out of their homes and into hiding. A terrible social reasoning would be cannibalism, when times got tough in their villages, they would just say people who were pronounced as witches and other social outcasts were leading them to the south and the east. Some believe it was the China Cult. The China Cult is a belief that gods to ensure rain and fertility? is related in paintings and drawings. These artifacts are found near the ROI Grandee. The Nazis people were complex individuals that we still figure out what happened to them. They have left behind some evidence as cliff dwellers. The left behind works of art, bones with markings, pottery, homes that look like they have been left 300 years ago instead of ages, and Pueblo people follow in some of their

An Economic Look At Guatemala

The population of Guatemala has been quickly spread outing over the past 20-50 old ages harmonizing to information provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. In 1960, the population was a modest 4,099,721. By 1985, nevertheless, its population had grown to 7,580,844 with no mark of decelerating down. Today the population is 13,550,440 and its growing rate is decelerating down towards a more modest per centum. In 1985, a growing rate of 3.1 % was recorded along with a high birthrate rate of 5.7 per adult female. Today, the growing rate has been reduced to 2.0 % with a birthrate rate of 3.4 per adult female and is expected to go on decelerating down through 2025. This current birthrate rate is still much higher than the norm which is around 2 and indicates that Guatemala s population is go oning to increase albeit a little more easy than experienced in the 1980 s. The current age pyramid, as can be seen in figure 1 below, indicates that a big per centum of the population is less than 20 old a ges of age and a much smaller part are more than 65 old ages of age. This shows there was still really strong growing in recent old ages which produced many immature kids and grownups. The gender dislocation of the current population is about even with a male population of 6,685,453 and a female population of 6,864,987. At the expected growing rate degrees, Guatemala s population is expected to duplicate by 2050. There are several factors that contribute to Guatemala s high growing rate tendency which are really typical symptoms of less developed states. Guatemala s economic system s largest industry is in agribusiness which creates a high inducement for households to bring forth many childs to assist work on the land. This is evidenced by the higher birthrate rate of rural adult females versus urban adult females. On mean, rural adult females have 2 more kids than urban adult females. Besides, there is a really big economic spread between the rich and hapless. In order to keep themselves in their older age, Guatemala s aged rely on their kids to take attention of them. This means that the aged will hold more security if they have more kids. Birth control techniques are besides non promoted by Guatemala due to their strong Catholic background. Due to Guatemala s hapless economic status, many older people do non hold entree to proper medicine which causes them to decease at a younger age. Thes e many factors have resulted in the really high growing rates experienced in Guatemala over the past 50 old ages. HEALTH A ; WELFARE: In chiefly the rural countries of Guatemala, there are high rates of enteric diseases and infant mortality due to the inadequacy of Guatemalan wellness services. Conducive factors to these jobs are famine and minimal usage of sanitation. To help those with these medical jobs, there are infirmaries that provide free health care in communities that are reasonably big, and there are besides a assortment of private infirmaries. These infirmaries are maintained by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance. To assist better rural dweller s wellness s, there were rural wellness Centres established in 100s of parts during the 1980 s. Since the 1980 s, there has been betterments in these Centres, yet many of the persons of the rural countries of Guatemala are malnutrition and are in demand of medical attending but lack the entree. ( Stansifer, C. , Griffith, W. , A ; Anderson, T. ( n.d. ) . Guatemala. Retrieved September 29, 2010, from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.histo ry.com/topics/guatemala gt ; ) . With respects to the wellness and public assistance of the people in Guatemala, The grade of major infective diseases is high. Such diseases are nutrient or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid febrility vector borne disease: dandy fever febrility and malaria H2O contact disease: swamp fever ( 2009 ) ( Guatemala People 2010. From lt ; www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/guatemala/guatemala_people.html gt ; ) . Harmonizing to gapminder.com, the current infant mortality rate per 1000 births is 28.63 ( Indicator gapminder infant deathrate. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved October 1, 2010, from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //spreadsheets.google.com/pub? key=phAwcNAVuyj0NpF2PTov2Cw ) and the maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births is 88.28703 ( Maternal Mortality Ratio 1800-2008. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved October 1, 2010, from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //spreadsheets.google.com/pub? key=pyj6tScZqmEcVezxiMlWaRw gt ; ) . From the 1800s to the 1980s, the life antic ipation at birth went from being 26 old ages to 57 old ages and so increased to 71 old ages by twelvemonth 2000. Energy: Following the 1996 Peace Accords, which ended about 40 old ages of civil struggle, Guatemala has enhanced their substructure sing to electricity and telecommunications. Electricity, sanitation services, and H2O have been improved and have resulted to an addition of over 40 % . Prior to the Peace Pact of 1996, many of the autochthonal, hapless, and rural persons were non likely at all to be the receiving systems of new substructure connexions as they are presently twice every bit likely to be. The usage of telephones, chiefly cellular phones, has increased from 4.2 of denseness in 1997 to 19.7 of denseness in 2001. Furthermore, since the terminal of the civil war, there has been an addition in public phones for rural locations. ( Ike-Okoh, C. ( 2010, April 19 ) . Retrieved October 9, 2010, from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //businessdayonline.com/index.php? option=com_content A ; view=article A ; id=10232: do-not-ignore-the-need-for-infrastructure-reform A ; catid=44: busines s-intelligence A ; Itemid=318 gt ; ) . Using both renewable and non-renewable resources, the state has the ability to bring forth energy on its ain. Using air current, Sun, biogas, hydro, energy harvests, bioethanol, and biodiesel, Guatemala could bring forth around 13,800 MW. ( Rivera, M. ( 2010, March 27 ) . Sustainable Energy for Guatemala [ aˆÂ ¦ ] . Retrieved October 9, 2010, from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.reeep.org/index.php? id=51 A ; content=2659 gt ; ) . The state s authorities has created a programme specifically for the enlargement of energy beginnings for the indigens and for fuel variegation providing a long-run solution. Economy: Guatemala is the most to a great extent populated and largest state in Central America. With respects to the economic system in Guatemala, agribusiness is the most of import because through agribusiness they obtain most of their money. Their chief merchandises of exporting are java, bananas, and sugar. They presently are exporting 75 % of these goods to assorted states and their Gross Domestic Products ( GDP ) are at about 15 % . This shows Guatemala s overall economic end product. Furthermore, other goods and services in this state include winter veggies, fruits, dress, fabrics, cut flowers, and touristry. The private sector which supplies about 85 % of GDP controls Guatemala s economic system. On the other manus, the authorities merely has a limited engagement in the economic system which is to airdromes, docking and other ports, public utilities, and legion development-orient fiscal establishments. With respects to the stabilisation of macroeconomics, Guatemala has had of import betterments since the 1996 Peace Pact. These betterments have been made through policies and structural reorganisations to promote territory economic integrating every bit good as advancing growing. The addition of higher economic growing and low public debt in recent old ages was due to robust remittal. However, Guatemala is susceptible to external daze due to its unfastened economic system. Because of this, Guatemala s economic system is unpleasantly impacted by the planetary economic crisis. Therefore, remittals, falling exports, and capital influxs are grounds for Guatemala s economic system to quickly decelerate down. When taking into history, income disparity in this state, there is merely 2.6 % of income inequality with respects to labor and developing experience, 15 % of income inequality with respects to instruction in human capital, 6 % of direct consequences of gender and cultural favoritism, 2.5 % of income disparity between freelance and paid workers, 3.6 % of income spread between informal and formal divisions, and 2.4 % of non-labour net incomes. Among the three classs used to break up non-labour income, factor payments have the largest engagement, explicating 1.1 % of income derived functions. ( Alejos, L. A. ( n.d. ) . Contribution of the determiners of income inequality in Guatemala. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from lt ; www.uwcades.org/papers/alejos2003.pdf gt ; ) . Last, the disparity of the country of life is calculated to be 3.4 % . Table 1 on page 8, indicates the contributed determiners at a national degree of income disparity. ( Alejos, L. A. ( n.d. ) . Contribution of the d eterminers of income inequality in Guatemala. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from lt ; www.uwcades.org/papers/alejos2003.pdf gt ; ) . Obstacles: Guatemala is a really developing state in many countries such as political relations, economic sciences, and instruction which creates obstructions to sustainable development. The authorities of Guatemala is a really immature democracy that has been formed through many old ages of civil war. In order for Guatemala to make, keep, and implement governmental policies that will lend to the state s well-being, it must hold a dependable and trusty authorities. Currently, authorities functionaries are easy bribed and policies are formed with a really colored influence. Drug trafficking, money laundering, and illegal foreigner smuggling are all major jobs in Guatemala that leads to a more corrupt and less stable society. The deficiency of a proper instruction, particularly for rural kids, proves to be a immense job in making a more productive economic system. Almost half of Guatemala s economic system is dependent upon agribusiness. Thus, many rural households grow up working on farms instea d than acquiring a proper instruction. The deficiency of installations, particularly in rural countries, besides hinders Guatemala s ability to educate their young person. Guatemala s economic system is undiversified and relies chiefly on agribusiness, and in peculiar java beans. The clang in the agricultural markets, the down monetary values for java beans, and the widespread planetary recession in 2001 has proved how delicate Guatemala s development is due to its dependance on a individual industry. In order to hold sustained development, Guatemala would necessitate to educate its population and diversify its economic system. It would besides necessitate a dependable and responsible authorities to supply the proper leading in the face of so many challenges. ( Guatemala. ( n.d. ) . USAID from the American People. Retrieved October 11, 2010, from lt ; www.usaid.gov/policy/budget/cbj2004/latin_america_caribbean/guatemala.pdf gt ; ) . Figure 1: Degree centigrade: UsersArteeDesktopIntroduction to Environmental StudiespopulationPyramid.php.jpg Beginning: U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base. Table 1: Contribution of the determiners of income inequality at a national degree Beginning: Contribution of the determiners of income inequality in Guatemala. Luis Alejandro Alejos. October 2003.

Political Science Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political Science Reflection Paper - Essay Example king is naked, and hence, Kingdon is liable to be beheaded by the American capitalists who, for years, promoted the idea that America has the best form of government. Evidently, there are many people in the American society like me who are made to believe for years that the American public policies are unique and the best in the world. This is all the more so because of the concept of liberalism, that means one is allowed to decide ones own destiny. In other words, the nation does not interfere in the lives of people as much as other nations do. This is a stunningly attractive proposition considering the fact that the tax American people pay is much less than the amount people in industrialized nations pay. However, Kingdon points out that the founders of the nation have done a dubious job by crafting the policies of government with ideologies of distrust in government, thus preferring a limited government. In addition is the check and balance among the legislative, judicial, and executive branches. In sharp contradiction with my view that this check and balance will help the nation continue with its great unique features of less governmental intervention, Kingdon has shown how tricky it was from the part of the nation builders to develop such a system. It, in practice, ensures that even if American people or the leaders they elect want to make radical changes in the policies, it becomes a difficult task because of the burdens involved in passing laws and policies of reformation in the existing check and balance system. Evidently, the ones who are eager to make changes like the Native Americans and the African Americans will never be able to make radical changes in the governmental policies, and this is the uniqueness many people including me believed the best in the world. In addition, Kingdon points out how greatly the myth of equal opportunities has affected the public policy system in America. It is pointed out that this equal opportunity proposition also

The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Essay

The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners - Essay Example The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners describes the elements of fraud as a triangle. The three legs of the triangle are an opportunity, motivation, and rationalization. The company y in question is a local one, and for purposes of the report, referred to as ABC Company. Reference to the employees is by their job titles to safeguard their identity. The company was an agency in San Antonio. It took inbound and outbound calls for several companies such as Southwestern Bell, Sears, Montgomery Wards, customers’ service call for credit card companies, and from the infomercials currently on TV. The company had a large turnover because the employees needed to meet quotas daily in order for them to receive their incentive pay. If the branch made the quota, the branch manager would get a weekly bonus. The company had two payroll departments, one for inbound employees and another for outbound employees. Some quick background on its outbound payroll department showed that ABC Company had a large payroll department that consisted of thirty people in 2000. It also paid out in 15 different locations, from San Antonio, Texas to Mobile, Alabama. The largest locations for the outbound payroll department were San Antonio and Universal City located in Texas. Some teams in the payroll department consisted of a minimum of two people a maximu m of five. Each team reported to a supervisor, who would report to the assistant director, who in turn reported to the director of the department. Some employees were cross-trained so that in the absence of one employee, any other employee would cover the position. 2. Verification specialist - verified data entered into the system and made sure all documents were in payroll files and set up correctly to reflect location and pay. This person entered all information into ADP for all company codes.

Regulation of Solicitors' Trust Accounts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Regulation of Solicitors' Trust Accounts - Essay Example Summary of the Acts Section 3.3of both the Acts deals with â€Å"trust money and trust accounts†. This session involves several regulatory measures that would secure consumers’ interests in the legal service market. The Acts contain the provision for suspending stated operations associated with the solicitors’ trust accounts. They require solicitors to maintain a general trust account and accurate trust records, and present them before an eternal examiner for cross checking. The main intention of this provision is to increase the reliability of trust accounts and thereby secure consumer confidence. The Acts have also defined a set of condition for closing a general trust account. As per the provision, a law practitioner has the responsibility to deposit the trust money in the general trust account at the earliest possibility. The Legal Professional Act 2007 clearly states that disbursement of trust money must be under the direction given by the particular person. This provision will ensure that trust money is safe under the custody of solicitor until the time of disbursement. The Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 The Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 describes different aspects of keeping trust account receipts and payments book. This Act specifically directs solicitors to keep separate trust accounts receipts cash book and trust accounts payment cash book. Part 3.3(29) of the Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 has clearly defined trust record copies to be printed at the end of particular periods. Mainly receipts and payments cash book, reconciliation statements, and trust ledger accounts and their balances have to be printed. In addition, section 37 of this Act holds provisions for secure withdrawal of trust money from a general trust account. This provision also adds value to consumer confidence, because it prevents deceitful withdrawal of trust money (Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007). Similarly, section 38 deals with payment of trust money through electronic fund transfer. It is one of the major provisions of the Act that secures consumer confidence to a great extent because probability of fraud is higher in electronic fund transfer. Section 42 directs solicitors to systematically record various transactions in trust ledger accounts as this method will be effective to distinguish between trust accounts of different clients. The Regulation Act also specifies journal transfer principles regarding transfer of trust money from a general trust account to another. It also insists to provide necessary and timely notifications to concerned beneficiaries. In addition, it is mandatory to issue trust account statements to the beneficiaries of the trust money. This type of provision helps consumers to keep in frequent touch with their account transactions. The regulation of solicitors’ trust account would assist consumers to ensure that their money is not misused for the benefit of third parties. According to the perception of Queensland Law Society (n.d), the strict regulation measure would prevent any type of unfair practice related with trust accounts. The most attractive feature of these Acts is that consumers are allowed to get informed of their account status. The Legal Profession Act 2007 The Legal Profession Act 2007 specifically states that the trust accounts should not be used for paying off any type of debt. This

To the Unknown Painter, Anselm Kiefer

To the Unknown Painter, Anselm Kiefer To the Unknown Painter, a painting made of oil, acrylic, latex, emulsion, and shellac, was created by Anselm Kiefer in 1983 (Figure 1). A palette adorned upon a pedestal sits in a vacated space surrounded by tattered columns while casket-like shapes seem to lay on the ground around the pedestal. Dark colors envelope the horizon while reds, browns, and whites color the columns. The palette sits directly in the center, almost unrecognizable, with a thin pedestal that matches the dark blue and black of the horizon. Straw is stuck on with a planned randomicity, giving it a scratchy and messy look. Although the area is physically empty, it is filled with Kiefers own victimhood and memories of traumatic events during Nazi Germany[1] Empty interiors of Nazi architecture, specifically referring to the courtyard of Hitlers Chancellery in Berlin designed by Speer, are used as a space for traumatic memories that will not be mourned or a space of internalization. Kiefer, a German himself, was born shortly before the Holocaust ended, so he did not experience much of the horrors many people lived through. The walls of columns suggest the Nazis and German rule keeping hidden the actions they had committed against millions of victims. Whereas the palette represents himself, a painter, who is stuck among the past and judgments of the present. The messy and scratchy texture simulates how Nazis would destroy artwork that were not in agreement with the German power. The painting speaks towards not only about himself, but towards the Germans and the Jewish. The empty space holds a memorial for traumatic memories of the Holocaust. Suspended in the center, the palette mounted on a pedestal becomes a memorial for Kiefers own sense of victimhood[2]. The palette, representing the victim, appears to look like it is trying to rise above the past and move on from those horrific events. Because he is German, he imagines himself as the victim of a burdensome historical legacy, unable to be unselfconsciously German because of the judgements passed on from others[3]. The painting brings people to the attention that not only what had happened was horrible, they shouldnt continuously badly judge and criticize current Germans who had no control of their ancestors choices. While the palette is reminiscent of a helmet resting upon a gun, it relates to a fallen soldier in a battle. Memorializing his life and what he went through. The battered architecture brings us back to remember that it is also a painting as well as a representation of memories being held within the space. Although the space seems to hold memories, the columns seem to be breaking and letting the memories go so they can be mourned and remembered instead of being repressed. The architecture reaches to the back with a one point perspective as if it is reaching towards the past. There could be two different interpretations from the painting from two different audiences, the Jewish and the Germans, or himself. The Jewish could interpret this as a way to memorialize the victims during the Holocaust, those who died because of German power. Casket-like shapes on the ground could represent these victims. Kiefer made a problematic claim that he and other Germans are victims as well because of the claims that they are still like theyre ancestors, so they will continue to carry around the burden of being German. The painting brings the attention of more about the scene of repression and how people shouldnt hold in the memories and be able to mourn them and let them go. Kiefer painted this along with a few others in a series, one of which is Tomb of the Unknown Painter. Doing research, this painting and To the Unknown Painter both came up when trying to find information, although more sources were available for this one[4]. Both of the paintings are similar in that they both use the same materials and contain a scratchy texture, attained with straw. Instead of a palette on a pedestal, a tomb sits upon stairs within a similar looking space. They represent similar things, traumatic events and a memorialization of those victims. The colors are dark, representing the dark past, mixed with strokes of bright colors such as red and yellow. Overall, Kiefer displays a controversial topic about the German victimization that has an impact on millions of people and can open peoples eyes to the reality of stereotyping and judgement upon them. His point is to get across that people should not continue to blame others for their ancestors actions, rather mourn the past and move on with a rebirth of a society. Word count: 814 Figure 1. To the Unknown Painter, Anselm Kiefer. 1983. Dem unbekannten Maler. Oil, acrylic, emulsion, shellac, and straw on canvas. 208 x 380cm[5]. Bibliography Saltzman, Lisa. Anselm Kiefer And Art After Auschwitz. Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 1999. Arasse, Daniel. Anselm Kiefer. New York; Thames Hudson, 2015. [1] Lisa Saltzman. Anselm Kiefer And Art After Auschwitz. (Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 1999), 68. [2] Ibid, 68. [3] Ibid, 69. [4] Daniel Arasse, Anselm Kiefer (New York; Thames Hudson, 2015), 70. [5] Ibid, 70.

The Poverty and Obesity Epidemic Essay -- Poor, Obesity

In the United States, as of 2001, 34% of the population was overweight. (Townsend) Overweight and obesity would seem to be problems associated with the United State’s wealth and more than sufficient food supply. Much attention in recent years has been paid to people becoming more physically fit and changing their diets to become healthier. Gastric bypass surgery has become a popular choice for people trying to overcome extreme obesity. The operation limits â€Å"food intake by creating a narrow passage from the upper part of the stomach into the larger lower part, reducing the amount of food the stomach can hold and slowing the passage of food through the stomach.† (NIDDK) The presence of this emphasis on health and nutrition would seem to be the solution to our nation’s obesity problem. However of the population with moderate food insecurity, 52% were overweight. (Townsend) Food insecurity exists when the availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain. Over half of the United State’s population with a threat of hunger is overweight. Why would obesity be more prevalent amongst this group of people with fewer resources? Dieting and surgery do not address the problems of the economic groups with the most severe weight and nutrition problems. Surgery is expensive, and people with limited resources are not likely to buy expensive health foods when there are cheaper alternatives that satisfy hunger. The â€Å"Dollar Menu† at McDonald’s is certainly less expensive than preparing a wellbalanced meal. Another reason for obesity in lower income groups is a theory called the â€Å"food stamp cycle† hypothesis. Food stamps and most paych... ...urity and Obesity in Rural Women http://ruralwomenshealth.psu.edu/s05_colson-cbove.html Task Force for the Bishops’ Initiative on Children and Poverty. Community with Children and the Poor. Nashville, Tennessee: Cokesbury, 2003. Townsend, Marilyn S., Janet Peerson, Bradley Love, cheryl Achterberg, and Suzanne P. Murphy (2001). â€Å"Food Insecurity is Positively Related to Overweight in Women.† Journal of Nutrition, 131, 1738-1745. The American Society for Nutritional Sciences. http://www.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/6/1738 U.S. Conference of Mayors – Seduxho USA. Hunger and Homelessness Survey 2004. 3-5,42 http://www.usmayors.org/uscm/hungersurvey/2004/onlinereport/HungerAndHomelessness Report2004.pdf Weil, Andrew. Eating Well for Optimum Health. New York: Random House, 2000. Willet, Walter C. Eat Drink and Be Healthy. New york: Simon & Schuster, 2001.

Night of the Scorpion Essay

The father of post Independence Indian English verse, Nissim Ezekiel, was a Mumbai born, Indian – Jewish poet, playwright, editor and art-critic. His works are an important part of Indian literary history. His major themes are love, loneliness, creativity and human foibles. Via his works, he satirized evil practices, superstitions and ignorance of the Indian people, as he has in this poem. He made Indian English poetry digestible for the common man. He wanted simplicity of thought and language in modern poetry. He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for his poetry collection – â€Å"Latter-Day Psalms.† This poem, Night of the Scorpion, is one of his most famous poems. It has been written in ‘free verse’ which means that it is highly irregular in terms of line length and does not follow any rhyming pattern. The ‘Night of the Scorpion’ captures a scene in a rural Indian village where being bitten by a scorpion was a common fear. The narrator is a young child witnessing a horrific event in his life- his own mother writhing in agony of a scorpion’s sting. Along with the anguish of the family members, the poet describes the concern for the mother by the villagers. The child describes the scorpion as the Devil Himself by using adjectives like ‘diabolic’ and also refers to it as the metaphorical ‘Evil One’. However, the poet also says that the scorpion had been forced to â€Å"crawl beneath a sack of rice† by the torrential rain and later had to â€Å"risk the rain again†. This shows a subtle feeling of pity underlying the fact that the scorpion was the Devil Incarnate. Imagery is one of the main literary devices used in this poem. â€Å"With candles and lanterns Throwing giant scorpion shadows On the sun-baked walls† This aids us to visualize the scene of Villagers searching for the scorpion outside the cottage in the steady downpour amidst the sun-baked huts. In most rural Indian villages, the entire village is like a community. Each family shares in each other’s joys and sorrows. This is evident since the poet uses the line â€Å"the peasants came like swarms of flies.† As a hyperbole, this line shows their immense numbers. It also shows that the people were more of a hindrance than a help like a ‘swarm of flies’. It also shows how, in close-knit communities, all news spreads like wildfire. The fruitless passing of time is also shown by the line, â€Å"More candles, more lanterns, more neighbours, More insects and the endless rain.† Another aspect of rural society, unfortunately, is their belief in baseless superstitions and beliefs. Having being denied proper education facilities, they remain unaware of the truth. These uneducated villagers are clueless about proper medication. In an effort to help, they pray to god to paralyze the scorpion so that, as their superstition states, the poison would also be paralyzed in the mother’s blood. The villagers also believe in the Karma philosophy. This philosophy was born in India and in certain cultures it is intertwined with the concept of reincarnation, or life after death. The villagers chant, â€Å"May the sins of you previous birth Be burned away tonight† And, â€Å"May the poison purify your flesh Of desire and your spirit of ambition† Thus, they imply that the mother’s desires and ambitions are the sins that she is paying for. Finally, the mother’s ordeal comes to an end. In a display of mother’s unconditional love, the poem ends with the mother saying, â€Å"Thank god the scorpion picked on me and spared my children†

Hewelett Packard Case Wiac

Human Resource management| HP Case| WAC Submission| | Submitted By: Syed Ahad GardeziM. Awais IbrahimSyed Ammar HassanZaid Rahman ShamsiMBA II29-Nov-12| Lahore School of Economics Submitted to: Prof. F. A. Fareedy Company Background: HP products were mainly electronic test and measuring instruments for engineers and scientist. Since then HP has added computers, calculators, medical electronic equipment and many more products. HP had 57000 employees worldwide and there were 20 manufacturing locations spread across the United States and 8 others around the world.Company’s objectives were first put in writing in 1957. Product Strategy: The prevailing importance is on R&D to products that will compete by new technical contribution rather than through marketing or to the competitive devices. The product strategy reflects the external modification, technical contribution and basic design or purposes of the instruments were not altered. HP’s focus was on technical contribution and short run profits rather than improving long term growth. Organization: The fundamental business unit at HP is the product division.The division is an incorporated self-sustaining organization with a great deal of independence. No product area is a division until it contains the six basic functions of R&D, manufacturing, marketing, quality assurance finance and personnel. At the end of 1980 there were 40 HP divisions. Coordination of divisions’ activities is the responsibility of 10 product groups. Financial Element: The financial reporting system also provides special statements to view each division’s success in worldwide management of its product line. Each ivision is measured along two dimensions: 1) The financial results of the actual manufacturing of products in the divisions. 2) The total worldwide activity in the divisions’ product line’s whenever they are manufactures. Capital allocations are negotiated during the yearly budgeting process al though divisions are expected to be self-sustaining over any time period. Human Resource Elements: Hiring is done by normal interviewing processes. Testing is rare and then limited to specialized skills tests mostly pertinent to a position.The confrontation with the problem growth in 1973 also led to the expansion of training in the values and methods of HP. Executive seminars were increased and a new series of courses started for supervisors on managing at HP. The course is offered for the employees and it was taught by the local personnel staff and by at least by one lone manager. The routine tasks of employees are carried by a comprehensive system of management by objective (MBO). By introducing this system HP thought that each group or division to operate as a completely separate business. So that divisions have freedom of choice in their operations.The perception of the entire team about the success of HP is the communication at each level of division which is due to trust, tea m work and openness. HP used a variety of techniques to encourage an ongoing dialogues with its. One way it tries to do this is by an open door policy. Supervisor was there to promote the employees and helped them in to seek any advice. The career was given a specific name at HP that was â€Å"career maze†. â€Å"This phrase acknowledges the normalcy of cross functional, cross divisional, and lateral moves that often occur over the course of career at HP. The performance appraisal and salary administration process also expose individual employees to many managers around the company. The performance components were predominant in the line with HP and moreover pay positions of the employees closely related to the performance. Problems Loss of Human Capital One issue that HP faces is the loss of human capital. The company is not very good in retaining its most important resource and is facing problems in this regard. The workforce of HP is so competent and all the employees are very proficient when they were hired that they only needed just a little bit of xperience and learning to touch the heights of success. HP spends too much of its resources and time to train these employees in such a way that they could make big decisions and right decisions on their own without any difficulties and hesitation. All this learning and experience make them capable of doing their own business and make them self sufficient. These employees then no longer want to stay in the company but want to grow by starting their own new ventures. Loss of these employees may not affect the company in short run but it will be very costly for HP in the long run. Doubtful Career of EmployeesAnother rather minor but an important issue in the company is that employees are not aware about when they will be promoted and where they could be working in the company for their next assignment. So there is so much ambiguity about the career of the employees due to which they cannot plan about thei r career. And when they are not sure about their career and could not plan much for it, they might get de- motivated which is again not a very good sign for the company. De-motivated employees cannot work on their full potential and efficiency and the loss is then beard by the company.Complex Organization Culture Thirdly the organizational culture of HP is varied and cannot be understood very easily and quickly. One of the reasons is that it is not very well defined by the company. Goals, objectives and strategies are very well communicated to the employees but then they are set free to choose whichever path they want to choose for accomplishing the tasks. Employees can give their input and suggestions to their supervisors about their jobs and also they can have flexible hours.Participative management style is used by the company but at the same time the case also discusses how new employees get confused when they were communicated the objectives of the company only and then theyâ⠂¬â„¢ll have to choose themselves how to achieve them by doing what? This is why most of them asked about what are they going to do about these objectives and what exactly was their jobs? Informal Environment The company has formalized procedures but they did not focus too much on following them. In fact, the president himself said that we don’t focus much n the ‘way’ but the only thing in which they are concerned with is the completion of tasks and achievement of deadlines. Despite having the formal procedures the company is using informal procedures and given employees full freedom so that innovation may continuously take place in the company. But on the same time it is a growing company with lots of potential. Currently it has fifty seven thousand employees which are expected to increase so such an informal and flexible culture would never sustain in a growing environment. Recommendations: Hp is a huge organization with about 57000 employees all together.The c ompany’s culture has been working fine for the employees who get involved in it and with time, they do become a part of it. In its culture, employees were given freedom of how to complete their tasks in a given time along with some set of procedures they had to comply with. This culture has been followed since the company’s long history and has proven to be successful and an edge over the other companies. To keep up with this culture and also to make new comers feel comfortable and see themselves as adjustable to it, we think that here, the role of the senior employees comes into part.The seniors have to be more compliant, more welcoming and help the new employees feel that now they are a part of it. Another problem we see in the case is a flaw in the Human Resource Department’s plan. As mentioned in the case that employees left the company in an effort to start their own ventures and when they failed with it and wanted to join Hp again, they were welcomed in th e company. First of all, there shouldn’t be employees who leave the company. Reasons for this should be identified and taken into notice.A reason mentioned in the case is that there were no defined career paths for the employees which could be a major reason for employees in leaving Hp. This matter should be resolved by proper succession planning and giving a defined path to the employees so that they get to know what position in the firm they might be aiming for in future. Secondly, the employees who wanted to rejoin Hp must not be welcomed to rejoin. This would create a norm within the employees of leaving and coming back whenever they wish to.If they have this idea in mind that it is safe to leave their job at any point in time and if they come back they’ll be accepted, they would work half-heartedly for Hp and not perform as they are capable of. So, we recommend that a fair of job security should be there in the employees before they decide to leave the firm. With a proper succession plan, the posts of the employees who leave should be filled instantly and the post would be no longer available for that employee who left. This way, the employees would think twice before leaving the firm and then make their final decision.